First we should start by
understanding some greenhouse lingo.
Cold greenhouse, cool
greenhouse and warm greenhouse are common terms you'll see
quite often.
They aren't three different
houses, only one with different temperatures maintained
inside. Just a note, these minimum temperatures represent
night temperatures, not temperatures maintained during the
daytime. The sun heats a cold greenhouse and usually has a
minimum temperature of 28 degrees F maintained. No growth
occurs in this type of house but you can over winter plants
that are not frost sensitive. Cool greenhouses are heated
during the cooler months either with gas, oil or propane to
a minimum temperature of 45 degrees F. This is just warm
enough for a little plant growth and frost sensitive plants
can be over wintered here. A warm greenhouse is where all
the action is. This house is heated at night during most
months and a minimum temperature of 55 degrees F is
maintained. A wide assortment of plants can be grown during
the winter, including exotic varieties and most vegetables.
T. Our UV roofing and weatherized windows cut down on
heating costs in Winter and cooling costs in Summer.
Cooling a greenhouse during
spring and summer, where temperatures can reach well over
100 degrees, is just as important. Tomatoes for example will
stop growing when the temperature starts to inch toward 90
degrees. That is where our environmental system comes in
play.
If you live in an area with
a short growing season, the cool weather could be upon you
right when warm weather crops like tomatoes and peppers
would be at their peak. Our greenhouse extends your short
season so you too can enjoy a red ripe homegrown tomato. You
can have an earlier crop, for example, harvesting in June
instead of July or August. Tender varieties, which otherwise
may not grow in your area, can be grown and enjoyed.
What vegetables can be
grown in a greenhouse? Peppers, cucumbers, beans, eggplant,
melons, squash and of course tomatoes do quite well.
Carrots, lettuce and radish can also be grown inside. When
searching through catalogues for seeds, look for varieties
made specifically for greenhouse production. They will have
qualities that will make growing them easier for you and
assure your success. For example, 'Alicante' tomato is meant
to grow in a cool greenhouse because it can tolerate cooler
temperatures and 'Tornado' is an excellent bush type that
stays compact, a good idea for the greenhouse.
Seed starting dates vary
according to the vegetables grown and the type of house you
are maintaining. For tomatoes growing in a warm greenhouse
(min 55 degrees) start seeds in early January, transplant in
February or early March into grow bags (bags filled with a
soil mix made especially for greenhouse vegetable growing)
or plant into 5-gallon pots, then place them against the
south side of the greenhouse. This area will get the most
sun and heat during the day. You will start harvesting your
crop in June. For a winter crop, start your seeds by July 1,
transplant to bags by mid- September. Both pepper and
cucumber seed are started in late February, transplanted in
April for a late June harvest. Place these also on the south
side. Our tinted UV roofing shades your greenhouse starting
in spring and continues through summer as the temperatures
can soar to 100 degrees quickly. All of these plants are
going to need support at planting time. Tie stems to bamboo
stakes.
Pollinating the crops
becomes your job, as there are no bees inside to do the
work. To pollinate tomatoes, tap on the bamboo stakes once
in the morning and once at night when you notice the petals
of the flower are curved back. You will have three days to
achieve pollination once you notice the flower petals are
curved. During the summer, try to maintain a temperature of
80 degrees during the day. Venting and shading will be
necessary to accomplish this.
Remember everyone's season
is different, so grow according to your areas climate.
Manipulating the environment by heating in fall and winter
and cooling in spring and summer is our way insure the
proper growth of your vegetables so you can be harvesting
all year long.
Productivity of Commercial Systems
The productivity of
commercial systems has risen dramatically in the past few
years. Commercial tomato growers who once hoped to annually
pick 20 pounds of tomatoes per plant are now picking as much
as 35-40 pounds annually. In a 12,000 square foot
greenhouse, a tomato grower can grow 4,0000—5,000 pounds of
tomatoes every week. Lettuce growers are picking mature
heads of lettuce in under 5 weeks and, with 20,000 square
feet of growing space, can produce nearly 3,000 heads per
week. The cost of establishing a commercial hydroponic
greenhouse operation is quite reasonable when considering
the potential profit and the intensive volume of
high-quality produce that can be grown on a small lot. |